A serious health issue that affects millions of people globally is obesity. Bariatric surgery, sometimes referred to as stomach surgery, is a potential option for those who are not able to reduce weight with diet and exercise alone. This article examines the several kinds of gastric surgery used to reduce weight, as well as the advantages, disadvantages, and required lifestyle adjustments following the procedure.
Bariatric Surgery Types
- Procedure for Gastric Bypass: One of the most popular procedures for weight loss is gastric bypass surgery, sometimes referred to as Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. It entails cutting a little pouch out of the stomach that already exists and joining it straight to the small intestine. Due to the substantial reduction in stomach capacity, food intake and nutritional absorption are limited.
- Gastrectomy with Sleeve: Gastric sleeve surgery, also known as a sleeve gastrectomy, involves leaving the stomach as a tube-like structure after around 80% of it is removed. This lowers the synthesis of the hunger hormone ghrelin and restricts the amount of food that may be consumed.
- Modifiable Banding of the Gastric Area: By putting a band around the upper portion of the stomach, adjustable gastric banding creates a tiny pouch that restricts the amount of food that may be consumed. Through a port positioned beneath the skin, saline can be added or removed to modify the band.
- Duodenal switch-assisted biliopancreatic diversion (BPD/DS): The first step in the two-part BPD/DS procedure is a sleeve gastrectomy. Rerouting the intestines to restrict food intake and nutrient absorption is the second step.
Advantages of Gastric Surgery
- Effective Loss of Weight: It has been demonstrated that bariatric surgery causes significant and long-lasting weight loss. After surgery, many patients lose 50–70% of their excess body weight in the first two years.
- Improvement in Health Conditions: Following surgery, several obesity-related ailments, including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, sleep apnea, and joint pain, frequently get better or go away entirely.
- Increased Standard of Living: Patients frequently report greater mobility, improved mental health, and higher self-esteem after experiencing significant weight loss.
Dangers and Points to Remember
- Dangers of Surgery: Bariatric surgeries include risks, like any major surgery, including bleeding, infection, and anesthesia-related problems.
- Deficits in Certain Nutrients: Patients may experience shortages in vitamins and minerals as a result of decreased food intake and absorption. Regular monitoring and lifelong supplements are required.
- Changes in Lifestyle: A balanced diet, frequent exercise, and attendance at follow-up doctor’s appointments are all necessary for long-term, successful weight loss.
- Emotional Adjustment: Quick changes in look and body weight can be emotionally taxing. Support groups and counseling can assist patients in adjusting to these changes.
Getting Ready for Surgery
- Medical Evaluation: Thorough assessments, such as blood work, imaging, and specialist consultations, guarantee that the patient is a good candidate for surgery.
- Guidance on Nutrition: Preoperative nutritional counseling sets patients up for success by educating them about the dietary adjustments necessary after surgery.
- Psychological Assessment: A psychological assessment determines if the patient is prepared for the behavioral and emotional adjustments that will be necessary following surgery.
Care Following Surgery
- Dietary Changes: Following surgery, patients adhere to a phased diet that begins with liquids and gradually moves on to pureed foods and solid foods. Mindful eating and portion control are essential.
- Physical exercise: Increasing physical exercise gradually promotes weight loss and enhances general health. Regular exercise is suggested for patients.
- Regular Follow-Ups: To track weight loss, nutritional status, and general health, follow-up sessions with the surgical team and primary care physician are necessary for life.
Conclusion
For those who are obese, cirugia de estomago para bajar de peso is a chance that could change their lives. Although bariatric surgery is a major and risky decision, many people find it to be a feasible alternative because to the benefits of improved health, enhanced quality of life, and sustained weight loss. Adherence to lifestyle modifications, thorough planning, and continued medical assistance are essential for attaining favorable long-term results.
